competences

Qu'est-ce que Reskilling ?

Process of learning new, substantially different competencies to transition into a new professional role or sector — often in response to technological displacement.

Definition

Reskilling (or retraining) is the process of learning substantially new competencies in order to transition into a different professional role, function or sector. Unlike upskilling (deepening existing skills), reskilling involves a more fundamental shift in professional direction — often driven by technological displacement, career reinvention, or sector disruption.

In practice

The World Economic Forum estimates that by 2025, 50% of all employees will need significant reskilling as automation transforms job content. Reskilling programmes are delivered by employers (internal academies, bootcamps), educational institutions, specialised training providers, and public agencies. In Belgium, VDAB, FOREM, Actiris and Bruxelles Formation offer reskilling programmes for unemployed and at-risk workers. Intensive coding bootcamps have enabled people from completely unrelated backgrounds (chefs, teachers, social workers) to become junior developers in 3–6 months. The transferability of existing skills (competency transferability) is a key success factor — reskilling is faster and more successful when it builds on existing strengths.

Key takeaway

Reskilling is one of the most powerful tools against structural unemployment — but it requires realistic time expectations and strong support structures to succeed, not just online course subscriptions.